Monday 17 November 2014

Fwd: ScienceDaily: Latest Science News




ScienceDaily: Latest Science News


80 million bacteria sealed with a kiss

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:10 PM PST

As many as 80 million bacteria are transferred during a 10 second kiss, according to research in journal Microbiome. The study also found that partners who kiss each other at least nine times a day share similar communities of oral bacteria.

Magic tricks created using artificial intelligence for the first time

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:10 PM PST

Researchers working on artificial intelligence have taught a computer to create magic tricks. The researchers gave a computer program the outline of how a magic jigsaw puzzle and a mind reading card trick work, as well the results of experiments into how humans understand magic tricks, and the system created completely new variants on those tricks which can be delivered by a magician.

'Not just a flavoring: Menthol, Nicotine, Combined Desensitize Airway Receptors

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 10:20 AM PST

Menthol doesn't just act as a flavoring, but has a pharmacologic impact, a new study suggests. The researchers say menthol acts in combination with nicotine to desensitize receptors in lungs' airways that are responsible for nicotine's irritation. Though not a focus of the work, the findings are important as FDA is considering restrictions on menthol cigarettes.

Half of STEMI heart attack patients may have additional clogged arteries

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 10:19 AM PST

A blocked artery causes a deadly kind of heart attack known as STEMI, and a rapid response to clear the blockage saves lives. But in more than half of cases studied, one or both of the patient's other arteries were also obstructed, raising questions about whether and when additional procedures might be undertaken.

High Mortality Associated with STEMI Heart Attacks That Occur in Hospitalized Patients

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 10:19 AM PST

Researchers have confirmed their surprising earlier finding: Patients who suffer a STEMI heart attack while while in the hospital for something else are more likely to die than patients who have the same type of heart attack outside the hospital.

What brain studies reveal about risk of adolescent alcohol use, abuse

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:43 AM PST

What are the brain factors and behaviors that put teens at risk of alcohol use and abuse before they start drinking? Researchers explore this question in four new abstracts. One provides new evidence that adolescents at higher risk of alcoholism have reduced connections in key brain networks; another links impaired brain connections to impulsivity; and two examine impulsivity in relation to intake of sugar and DHA, an essential omega-3 fatty acid.

Secondhand marijuana smoke may damage blood vessels as much as tobacco smoke

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:43 AM PST

Secondhand marijuana smoke may have similar cardiovascular effects as tobacco smoke. Lab rats exposed to secondhand marijuana smoke had a 70 percent drop in blood vessel function.

Mentally stressed young women with heart disease more likely to have reduced blood flow to heart

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:43 AM PST

Young women with stable coronary heart disease are more likely than men of the same age to develop reduced blood flow to the heart if they're under emotional stress. Women 55 years and younger under mental stress had three times greater reduction in blood flow to the heart than men.

Active asthma may significantly raise risk of heart attack

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:43 AM PST

People with asthma may be at significantly higher risk of heart attack, researchers report.

Poison control data show energy drinks and young kids don't mix

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:43 AM PST

More than 40 percent of reports to the National Poison Data System for 'energy drink exposure' in a three-year span involved children under age 6. The effects of energy drinks in the reported cases included abnormal heart rhythms and seizures. Researchers call for better labeling of energy drink's high caffeine content and subsequent health consequences.

Running does not lead to knee osteoarthritis, may protect people from developing disease, experts say

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:40 AM PST

Running as a habitual exercise at any stage in life not only does not increase a person's risk of developing knee osteoarthritis and may even help protect a person from developing the painful disease, according to new research findings.

Exercise, manual therapy improve pain, function in osteoarthritis

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:40 AM PST

Patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis may improve their pain, stiffness and physical function with sustained physical exercise, manual therapy or both, according to new research findings.

Danger of repeat head injuries: Brain's inability to tap energy source

Posted: 16 Nov 2014 06:40 AM PST

Two or more serious hits to the head within days of each other can interfere with the brain's ability to use sugar – its primary energy source – to repair cells damaged by the injuries, new research suggests.

Chronic kidney disease: Exercise provides clear benefits

Posted: 15 Nov 2014 05:31 AM PST

Simple exercises can help improve the health of patients with kidney disease, experts say. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Because exercise capacity is significantly reduced in CKD patients, experts examined the effect of 12 months of exercise training on kidney function and measures of heart disease risk in patients with progressive CKD stages 3-4.

Weight loss surgery may improve kidney function

Posted: 15 Nov 2014 05:31 AM PST

In addition to helping patients shed pounds, weight loss surgery may also improve kidney function, researchers say. "Bariatric surgery serves as a good model to examine the effects of weight loss on kidney function. Our findings suggest a beneficial impact on kidney function in patients with and without baseline kidney disease," said one investigator.

Most U.S. adults cannot donate a kidney due to preventable health problems, potential loss of income

Posted: 15 Nov 2014 05:31 AM PST

The majority of individuals in the United States are not eligible to donate a kidney, even if they wanted to, a study shows.

Scientists uncover novel looping mechanism that controls the fitness of cells, impacting aging and disease

Posted: 15 Nov 2014 05:31 AM PST

A novel looping mechanism that involves the end caps of DNA may help explain the aging of cells and how they initiate and transmit disease, according to new research.

Teens with earlier school start times have higher crash rates

Posted: 14 Nov 2014 03:11 PM PST

Teen drivers who start class earlier in the morning are involved in significantly more motor vehicle accidents than peers with a later high school start time, a study shows. The results underscore the importance of the 'Awake at the Wheel' campaign of the National Healthy Sleep Awareness Project.

Poor-quality weight loss advice often appears first in an online search

Posted: 14 Nov 2014 11:09 AM PST

More than 40 percent of U.S. Internet users use online search engines to seek guidance on weight loss and physical activity. A new study finds that high-quality weight loss information often appears after the first page of search engine results.

Model for evaluating product-recommendation algorithms suggests that trial and error get it right

Posted: 14 Nov 2014 10:11 AM PST

A model for evaluating product-recommendation algorithms suggests that trial and error get it right. Researchers will present a paper that applies their model to the recommendation engines that are familiar from websites like Amazon and Netflix -- with surprising results.

A kingdom of cave beetles found in Southern China

Posted: 14 Nov 2014 09:49 AM PST

A team of scientists specializing in cave biodiversity from the South China Agricultural University unearthed a treasure trove of rare blind cave beetles. The description of seven new species of underground Trechinae beetles attests for the Du'an karst as the most diverse area for these cave dwellers in China.

Trends in plant biodiversity data online

Posted: 14 Nov 2014 09:49 AM PST

Today's herbaria, as well as all other collections-based environments, are now transitioning their collections data onto the web to remain viable in the smartphone-in-my-pocket age. A team of researchers has examined the importance of these online plant-based resources through the use of Google Analytics.

Study predicts likely Ebola cases entering UK and US through airport screening

Posted: 14 Nov 2014 09:49 AM PST

Researchers have found that screening for Ebola at airports could be an effective method for preventing the spread of the disease into the UK and US, but due to the long incubation period of the virus, screening won't detect all cases.

Computer model of nerve cells provides insights into communication problems

Posted: 14 Nov 2014 09:47 AM PST

In diseases of the brain, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, the neurons fail to communicate correctly with each other. Researchers now report that these connectivity problems can be ascribed to alterations in the structure of the nerve cells.

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